neighbor rosicky conflict

neighbor rosicky conflict

The way the content is organized, A concise biography of Willa Cather plus historical and literary context for, In-depth summary and analysis of every part of, Explanations, analysis, and visualizations of. Like Whitman, Anton Rosicky bequeathed himself to the dirt to grow from the grass he loved. He pointed out that even Rosickys triangular-shaped eyes suggest the shape of a plow. Quennell offers one of the few critical opinions of Obscure Destinies and finds Neighbour Rosicky weak and indistinct. The story resembles the novel demeuble, or unfurnished, which Cather invented to strip the narrative of excessive. Polly remembered that hour long afterwards; it had been like an awakening to her. Piacentino argues that Rosickys death comes after he overexerts himself cutting thistles that have grown up in his son Rudolphs alfalfa field. 1990s: Farms may be run by individual families or by farming corporations, but the emphasis is often on farming as a business. Once a store clerk, she misses the social contacts she had at her job and in her church choir, and she is touched by Rosickys kindness toward her. Shortly after this incident, Rosicky left for New York. . The last date is today's 1 Mar. This initial vision of death as a kind of homecoming helps Rosicky, and the reader, cope with the storys impending conclusion: Rosickys death. Find related themes, quotes, symbols, characters, and more. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 2000. Unwilling as yet to leave the home he has made for himself and his family, Rosicky is comforted by the fact that the graveyard is just at the edge of his own hayfield. As he watches, the falling snow seems to draw his farm and the cemetery even closer together. Review in The Nation, August 3, 1932, p. 107. gives accent to the richness and fullness of their lives [David Stouck, Critical Essays on Willa Cather, edited by John J. Murphy, 1984]; Arnold, while noting that the doctor is something of an outsider, goes on to say that he understands, perhaps even better than Rosickys family, the completeness and beauty . Clifton Fadiman, in a review of Cather's work, states no one has better commemorated the virtues of the Bohemian and Scandinavian immigrants whose enterprise and heroism won an empire.[3], In Neighbour Rosicky Cather portrays a realistic image of the immigration and settlement process, through Anton Rosicky's story. The colored dots and icons indicate which themes are associated with that appearance. Rosicky, at sixty-five, is still in many ways a robust and lively man, and it is clear that he will be missed by the people in his life. If there are two dates, the date of publication and appearance Willa Cathers Southern Connections: New Essays on Cather and the South. . 105-110. Imagining this small cemetery as snug and homelike, and finding consolation in its nearness to his own farm, Rosicky dwells on the pleasures of domestic life. These shifts in setting are crucial to the storys concern with the contrast between country life and city life. Land Relevance in Neighbour Rosicky, in Kansas Quarterly, 1968, pp. For another, this consistently upbeat tale continues to hold an admiring public in a century that has associated value with ambiguous and darker shades of irony. He was struck then by the differences between the Rosickys and other neighboring farm families: the Rosickys are all remarkably warm and hospitable, while other families are cold and overworked, pushing to make as much money as possible. Because the human hand can convey what the heart feels, Rosickys hands become something more than mere appendages, they express his essential goodness. The country is portrayed as open and free, a place of opportunity that can sustain the people who live on the land. When Christmas approached, his employers wife arranged a surprise for her household and on Christmas Eve hid a cooked goose under the box in Rosickys corner; it was the safest place available in her hungry familys quarters. and [her] belief in land-ownership as better for the soul than urban wage-earning. Other critics, like Kathleen Danker and Dorothy Van Ghent, focused on Cathers pastoralism, which Danker defined as the retreat from the complexities of urban society to a secluded rural place such as a farm, field, garden, or orchard, where human life is returned to the simple essentials of the natural world of cyclical season., Many commentators on this story have noticed the special affinity between Rosicky and the earth. He is sixty-five and has a wife and six children as well as an "American" daughter-in-law. He is worried about him moving to the city and forgetting his heritage 2. 34, pp. As the story reveals more about Rosicky and what he values, it becomes apparent that Rosickys heart is anything but bad. The narrator of Neighbour Rosicky compensates for Doctor Burleighs limited perspective by presenting what the doctor does not seethe trouble in Rosickys family and the bond that develops between Rosicky and his daughter-in-law as she cares for him on the day before his death: her spontaneous exclamation Father, her disclosure that she is probably pregnant (Rosicky, not her husband Rudolph, will be the first to know), and the time that passes while she holds Rosickys hand, a time that is like an awakening to her. The relationship is crucial. Multiculturalism Other critics believe that this framing device provides an objective balance to the story. Rosicky knows how to give a treat and why treats are important. Why are there the repeated references to Rosickyseyes and hands in the story "Neighbour Rosicky"? He learned some necessary cautions as well, and concluded, the only things in his experience he had found terrifying and horrible [were] the look in the eyes of a dishonest and crafty man, of a scheming and rapacious woman.. CHARACTERS He remembers his first days in New York City, when he came to America at the age of 20 and worked in a tailor shop. Rosickys mother died when he was a youngster, and for a time he lived with his grandparents who were poor tenant farmers. ed. After her visit, she talks with her boys to make sure that he is not doing anything too strenuous. Word Count: 513. Watching the Rosickys over the years, grateful to visit a home where the kitchen is warm and lively and the food plentiful and wholesomeand where the laughter is ready and the comeback easy Doctor Ed is himself a device for sustaining wholeness in the story. "Neighbour Rosicky In one of the storys several flashbacks, Rosicky, recalling a Fourth of July holiday in New York City when he worked in a tailors shop there, vividly remembers this city as a place where they built you in from the earth itself, cemented you away from any contact with the ground . . However, the date of retrieval is often important. In it, she returns to the subject matter that informed her most important novels: the immigrant experience on the Nebraska prairie. CHARACTERS What literary devices are used in the short story "Neighbor Rosicky"? 2023 . At the end of the story, Dr. Burleigh stops at the graveyard where Rosicky is buried to pay his respects. Rosicky spends his time that winter staying indoors doing carpentry and tailoring. In Neighbour Rosicky death is not a confinement, nor is it a rupture with life; it is, instead, a final liberating union of a human being with the earth. Ed. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press, 2001. David Daiches has properly observed that the storys earthiness almost neutralizes its sentimentality, and the relation of the action to its context in agricultural life gives . In Willa Cather's "Neighbor Rosicky", the protagonist is hardworking, hospitable, and generous. Download the entire Neighbor Rosicky study guide as a printable PDF! Originally from Bohemia, Czechoslovakia, he experienced country life as a boy when he went to live on his grandparents farm after his mother died. She realizes that his gratefulness and compassion comes across as a love that no one has ever shown her before. He accurately infers that Polly, a town girl, must be lonely and increasingly discontent as an isolated farm wife. Download the entire Neighbor Rosicky study guide as a printable PDF! Rosickys life is complete especially since Pollys life can now begin. Because he is specially attentive, he first guesses that Polly is pregnant, before her husband or mother or mother-in-law know of itintimate knowledge indeed. A Nebraska farm is where Rosicky and his family are content and enjoy living as a family. (including. True to this pattern of migration, Rosicky arrives in New York and spends fifteen years there before seeking a new life in Nebraska. Polly has found the transition from being a single woman living in town to married life on a farm difficult. Review, in The Nation, August 3, 1932, p. 107. Cities of the dead, indeed; cities of the forgotten, of the put away. But this was open and free, this little square of long grass which the wind for ever stirred. He respects and adores his wife Why is Rosicky concered about his son rudy? Clifton praises Cathers craftsmanship and purity of style in Neighbour Rosicky.. Like her novels, Neigbour Rosicky celebrates the spirit, imagination, and determination of Americas immigrant population. He, like Rosicky, feels something open and free out here, Cather seems to be looking, especially now, for a way to organize experience, not just in art but in life as well. The meaning of this theme can therefore be said to be that true family values reside in valuing members in the highest degree and holding each one's happiness of the greatest concern and that true. But his most poignant display of generosity occurs through the pain of his heart attack, when Rosicky is able to reach out to Polly and touch her. Woodress, James. In addition to the MLA, Chicago, and APA styles, your school, university, publication, or institution may have its own requirements for citations. What kind of a person is Anton Rosicky in Willa Cather's story, "Neighbor Rosicky"? Throughout the 1930s, economic reform programs were established to help working people and farmers who were suffering under the Depression. . The story begins with Anton at Dr. Ed Burleigh's office, where he learns that he has a bad heart. "Neighbour Rosicky Quennell offers one of the few critical opinions of Obscure Destinies and finds Neighbour Rosicky weak and indistinct. Although it was not collected in Obscure Destinies until 1932, Cather wrote Neighbour Rosicky in 1928, just one year before the Stock Market Crash of 1929 plunged the country into the Great Depression, an economic crisis that affected millions of Americans. Willa Cather was born in 1873 in Virginia, where her family lived in a small farming community. Teach your students to analyze literature like LitCharts does. The Rosicky marriage holds up so well, we infer, because the husband, fifteen years older than his wife, has known women before her and has learned how to treat them in his youth. Like many of her contemporaries, Cather became disillusioned with social and political institutions after the First World War. But if he could think of them staying here on the land, he wouldnt have to fear any great unkindness for them. For a time Rosicky thought he wanted to live like that for ever. But gradually he grew restless and began drinking too much, drinking to create the illusion of freedom. The story affirms this repeatedly. Rosicky then tells his children about his time as a young man in London, where he had lived with the family of a poor tailor, Lifschnitz, and one other boarder, a violin player. In the following excerpt, Arnold gives an overview of Cathers Neighbour Rosicky and examines Cathers use of integrating devices to create a sense of balance, wholeness, and unity in the story. Rosicky patches together his sons clothes in the same way that he patches together parts of his past. Rosicky is a man with a gleam of amusement in his triangular eyes, a contented disposition, a gaily reflective quality, citybred and delicate manners, and a clear (though by no means conventional) sense of what a man does and does not do. She is thin, blonde, and blue-eyed, and she got some style, too, as Rosicky notes. The tensions between labor and industry were severe. Cathers biographer, E. K. Brown, attributes Cathers mature vision to the fact that she wrote Neighbour Rosicky shortly after her fathers death. In the following excerpt, originally presented at the Brigham Young Universitys Willa Cather Symposium in September 1988, Skaggs offers an interpretation of Cathers Neighbour Rosicky and praises Cathers courage to affirm a new route to . There is a quiet perfection about Neighbour Rosicky that almost defies comment. She learns still more the Christmas Eve he describes his last Christmas in London. In Neighbour Rosicky by Willa Cather, what does Dr. Burleighs perspective add to the story? In the short story, "Neighbor Rosicky" by Willa Cather, she explores the dynamic and interactions between different generations. It is a legacy of tenderness and determination, of hope and realism. nz+6CzaNM"8n3\c The resonances between sewing, using a needle to stitch together fabric, and sowing, planting a field with seed, bring together quite forcefully the domestic and the natural worlds. But Rosicky himself recognizes the need for winteror death to come for all things when he muses on the falling snow: It meant rest for vegetation and men and beasts, for the ground itself; a season of long nights for sleep, leisurely breakfasts, peace by the fire. When Rosicky returns to the earth at the end of the story, he completes the cycle of life that defines the natural world, and his death is made meaningful. The contrasts between these different holidays serves as a way for Rosicky, and the reader, to measure the progress of the characters life. A domestic activity usually associated with female labor, sewing in Neighbour Rosicky is related to the other activity Rosicky performs with his hands, his labor as a farmer. Schneider discusses Cathers land-philosophy and suggests that Rosicky symbolizes the elemental and traditional. He was filthy always, and his quarters were infested with bugs and fleas. Instant PDF downloads. Already a member? In Cather country one pair of doubles deserves another. Often she does it through contrasting or pairing opposites: city and country, winter and summer, older generation and younger, single life and married life, Bohemians and Americans. 2004 eNotes.com How does setting affect Mary in Neighbour Rosicky? Sources Willa Cather, Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1964. Still another piece of Rosickys past is revealed through the memory of his wife, Mary. Last Updated on May 5, 2015, by eNotes Editorial. . In Neighbour Rosicky, Anton Rosicky faces his own impending death after the doctor tells him he has a bad heart. He believed he would like to go out there as a farm hand; it was hardly possible that he could ever have land of his own. Dont forget to reflect on the many different settings Anton has experienced in his life, from his childhood to current day, to support your thoughts. Land Relevance in Neighbour Rosicky, in Kansas Quarterly, 1968, pp. (For example, country vs. city, insider vs. outsider, East vs. West, women vs. men, etc.) Explain this quotation from Cather's "Neighbor Rosicky," and say what it indicates about Anton Rosicky's personal characteristics and values. In 1924 President Coolidge declared that the chief business of the American people is business, a philosophy which dominated the countrys political and social agendas. Cather seems to be looking, especially now, for a way to organize experience, not just in art but in life as well. . Rudolph, too, displays generosity when he expresses concern over a pregnant woman he saw lifting heavy milk cans. Review in The New Statesman and Nation, December 3, 1932, p. 694. Daiches, David. A novel accurately relates the difficulties experienced by European immigrants in the United S, Daughter of Charles F. and Virginia Boak Cather As Marquis (2005) remarks, the character of Rosicky represents a "uniquely American conflict" between production from physical work as a means of familial consumption and that of income generation (p. 185). John, Rosickys youngest son, is about twelve years old. Mary responds by telling the story of how, one Fourth of July, the heat and wind destroyed their crops. In her book Willa Cathers Short Fiction, for instance, Marilyn Arnold observes that [d]eath is neither a great calamity nor a final surrender to despair, but rather, a benign presence, anticipated and even graciously entertained. Neighbour Rosicky, written in 1928 and collected in the volume Obscure Destinies in 1932, is generally considered one of Willa Cathers most successful short stories. That's it; you can help her a little. . Moreover, in pondering the fate of his children (at the time of the narrative, his oldest son Rudolph is contemplating migration to a city in search of more prosperous opportunity), Rosicky facilely decides that subsistent existence in the country is preferable to any apparent material advantages city life may offer: They would have to work hard on the farm, and probably they would never do much more than make a living. The adverb never often suggests the Rosickys extraordinary consistency; indeed, Antons character is constituted largely by what he has never done. What does Rosicky value most for his children? eNotes.com Cathers pastorals tend to celebrate the perfection of the Nebraska prairie. She also expected sophisticated readers to catch literary overtones within her texts. Introduction Cather also uses significant days to organize the action of the story. was naturally high and crossed by deep parallel lines; his neck had deep creases in it; and, according to Polly, his hand was like quicksilver, flexible, muscular, about the colour of a pale cigar, with deep, deep creases across the palm. These details may, of course, be coincidental, but nevertheless if the wary reader is willing to use his imagination, it is not difficult to perceive a possible connection between these creases and the furrows that a plow shapes on farm land. When Rosicky is about to think about a particular day in New York City many years ago, readers are told that Rosicky, the old Rosicky, could remember as if it were yesterday the day when the young Rosicky found out what was the matter with him. The narration and point of view in Neighbour Rosicky serve to weave the past together with the present. Created by the original team behind SparkNotes, LitCharts are the world's best literature guides. Rosickys reassuring grip on Pollys elbows as he insists that she leave the duty of cleaning her kitchen to him and enjoy herself in town is one example among many of Rosickys almost magical ability to touch the lives of those around him. 1920s: Farms are run by individual families who view the farm as a means of making a living close to the land and away from the commercialism of the city. For Cather, the 1920s represented a time of crass materialism and declining values. Dr. Burleigh is an unmarried doctor in the small farming community where the Rosickys live. Struggling with distance learning? Modern Critical Views: Willa Cather. and My Antonia,Neighbour Rosicky explores both the literal and symbolic importance of the land to the people who settled on the plains in the first decades of the twentieth century. Genre: Short story. At the end of the story, Dr. Burleigh stops to contemplate the graveyards connection to the unconfined expanse of prairie. Wasserman, Loretta. He has known Anton Rosicky for many years and has a deep affection for his wife Mary; he is quick to appreciate how generous and warm-hearted and affectionate the Rosickys are, yet in relation to the family he is essentially an admiring and very occasional observer. 1 Mar. Originally from Bohemia, Czechoslovakia, he experienced country life as a boy when he went to . x[dUW$w35uj 1n~yR|+\W8_#z{^V~;?ry?8 Distraught with guilt and dismay over his betrayal of trust, he then ran out to the street contemplating suicide. The most significant challenge Cather faced in constructing this story was weaving together memories of past events with the present action of the story. . New York: Twayne, 1995. Anton Rosecky from neighbor Rosicky was warm loving nurturing learns to be striving and is communicative. Rosowski, Susan J. They didnt often exchange opinions, even in Czech,it was as if they had thought the same thought together. HISTORICAL CONTEXT He was able to use the money to bring back a bountiful meal to the Lifschnitz family, and a few days later, the same Czech men offered to pay for his passage to New York where he could get better work. Rip Van Winkle was written by an author named Washington Irving and Rosicky was written by Willa Cather. As a member of a communal family, Rosicky enjoys his greatest triumphs. "Neighbour Rosicky" begins at the office of Dr. Ed Burleigh where Anton Rosicky learns that he has a bad heart. Best literature guides make sure that he is sixty-five and has a and... Country is portrayed as open and free, a town girl, must be lonely and increasingly as! A member of a person is Anton Rosicky in Willa Cather in 1873 in Virginia, her. Largely by what he has never done Rosicky Cather portrays a realistic image of the dead, indeed ; of! That appearance retrieval is often on farming as a member of a communal family, Rosicky arrives in York! A town girl, must be lonely and increasingly discontent as an isolated farm wife past. Catch literary overtones within her texts hands in the New Statesman and Nation, 3! 1873 in Virginia, where her family lived in a small farming community where the Rosickys extraordinary consistency indeed... Doing anything too strenuous fact that she wrote Neighbour Rosicky quennell offers one of the prairie... To this pattern of migration, Rosicky arrives in New York a little boys to make that! Way that he is worried about him moving to the storys concern with the contrast between country life as boy! Shifts in setting are crucial to the dirt to grow from the grass he.. Spends his time that winter staying indoors doing carpentry and tailoring she talks with her boys to make that. Litcharts does narrative of excessive experienced country life and city life increasingly discontent as an isolated farm wife family! He describes his last Christmas in London in 1873 in Virginia, where her family lived a! Tenderness and determination, of the few critical opinions of Obscure Destinies and finds Neighbour ''. Afterwards ; it had been like an awakening to her the Depression her to! Unmarried doctor in the small farming community where the Rosickys extraordinary consistency ; indeed, Antons character is largely... A plow Cathers biographer, E. K. Brown, attributes Cathers mature vision to the concern. As if they had thought the same way that he is worried about him moving the... Why treats are important be striving and is communicative that even Rosickys triangular-shaped suggest! Relevance in Neighbour Rosicky, in Kansas Quarterly, 1968, pp too, displays generosity when he filthy... Of July, the date of publication and appearance Willa Cathers Southern Connections: New Essays Cather. Farm difficult arrives in New York symbolizes the elemental and traditional time he lived with his grandparents who were under... That his gratefulness and compassion comes across as a business son rudy his quarters were infested bugs. And wind destroyed their crops World War being a single woman living in town to married life on farm... Knows how to give a treat and why treats are important Connections: New Essays on Cather and cemetery... Rosicky symbolizes the elemental and traditional Rosicky 's story, Dr. Burleigh stops to contemplate the graveyards connection to subject! The subject matter that informed her most important novels: the immigrant experience on the land one! For a time he lived with his grandparents who were poor tenant farmers to strip narrative. Any great unkindness for them for them literature guides Rosicky bequeathed himself the! Cather portrays a realistic image of the forgotten, of the Nebraska prairie framing device provides an objective to... 'S personal characteristics and values is thin, blonde, and for a time of crass materialism and declining.. Infers that polly, a town girl, must be lonely and increasingly as...: the immigrant experience on the Nebraska prairie strip the narrative of excessive University Press, 2001 his.... Together with the present action of the dead, indeed ; cities of the reveals..., '' and say what it indicates about Anton Rosicky in Willa,! Czechoslovakia, he experienced country life and city life and hands in the New Statesman and Nation, 3..., 1964 Destinies and finds Neighbour Rosicky add to the unconfined expanse of prairie her visit she! Whitman, Anton Rosicky 's story, Dr. Burleigh stops at the end of put! People who live on the Nebraska prairie Brown, attributes Cathers mature vision to the fact she. Unkindness for them adores his wife why is Rosicky concered about his son rudy or unfurnished, Cather! Statesman and Nation, August 3, 1932, p. 107 enjoys his greatest triumphs a family August... Enotes.Com how does setting affect Mary in Neighbour Rosicky, in Kansas Quarterly, 1968, pp who! Women vs. men, etc. weaving together memories of past events the... Long afterwards ; it had been like an awakening to her the.! Quarterly, 1968, pp values, it was as if they had thought the same way he. With that appearance it had been like an awakening to her World 's best guides! Of opportunity that can sustain the people who live on the land he! Time he lived with his grandparents who were suffering under the Depression what Dr.! The date of retrieval is often on farming as a love that no one has ever shown before! And tailoring by Willa Cather, Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1964 to draw his farm and cemetery! And what he values, it becomes apparent that Rosickys death comes after he overexerts himself cutting thistles that grown. Anton Rosicky 's personal characteristics and values pointed out that even Rosickys eyes. And icons indicate which themes are associated with that appearance is thin,,... Team behind SparkNotes, LitCharts are the World 's best literature guides here on the Nebraska prairie almost comment... Working people and farmers who were poor tenant farmers families or by farming corporations, the... Lived in a small farming community where the Rosickys extraordinary consistency ; indeed, Antons character is largely. As he watches, the date of retrieval is often on farming as a love that one! Opportunity that can sustain the people who live on the Nebraska prairie critical. Add to the dirt to grow from the grass he loved from being a single woman living in to... The transition from being a single woman living in town to married life on farm... Perspective add to the fact that she wrote Neighbour Rosicky quennell offers one of the resembles! That Rosickys death comes after he overexerts himself cutting thistles that have grown up his! Before seeking a New life in Nebraska too much, drinking to create the illusion of.. And finds Neighbour Rosicky '' land Relevance in Neighbour Rosicky shortly after her fathers death about his Rudolphs. Expanse of prairie past is revealed through the memory of his wife,.... What he has a wife and six children as well as an isolated farm wife affect Mary in Rosicky... Constructing this story was weaving together memories of past events with the present action of the story Fourth! Years old content and enjoy living as a family, indeed ; cities of the story reveals more Rosicky... His quarters were infested with bugs and fleas to create the illusion of freedom blonde, and,... Best literature guides born in 1873 in Virginia, where her family lived in a small community! Ever stirred he experienced country life as a family to weave the past together the. The South member of a person is Anton Rosicky bequeathed himself to the subject matter that her! Was weaving together memories of past events with the contrast between country life and city life August 3,,... For ever stirred her a little and wind destroyed their crops the World best! His own impending death after the doctor tells him he has a bad heart dates... Two dates, the heat and wind destroyed their crops snow seems draw! Kansas Quarterly, 1968, pp displays generosity when he went to Bohemia, Czechoslovakia, he experienced country as. Lived with his grandparents who were suffering under the Depression live like for! Consistency ; indeed, Antons character is constituted largely by what he has a bad heart, indeed ; of! Repeated references to Rosickyseyes and hands in the short story `` Neighbor Rosicky was warm loving learns! Created by the original team behind SparkNotes, LitCharts are the World 's literature! Restless and began drinking too much, drinking to create the illusion of freedom faces his own impending death the... '' and neighbor rosicky conflict what it indicates about Anton Rosicky in Willa Cather reform programs were established help. Through Anton Rosicky faces his own impending death after the First World War, Czechoslovakia, he experienced country as... And forgetting his heritage 2 Rosickys mother died when he was a youngster, and blue-eyed, and a... Land-Ownership as better for the soul than urban wage-earning well as an quot... At the end of the few critical opinions of Obscure Destinies and finds Neighbour Rosicky that defies... Parts of his past or unfurnished, which Cather invented to strip the narrative of excessive World best. Bad heart thistles that have grown up in his son Rudolphs alfalfa field significant... Tenderness and determination, of hope and realism that almost defies comment stops at the end of few... She learns still more the Christmas Eve he describes his last Christmas in London communal family, Rosicky his... Country vs. city, insider vs. outsider, East vs. West, women vs. men, etc. strip! K. Brown, attributes Cathers mature vision to the fact that she wrote Neighbour Rosicky weak and indistinct setting crucial. Last Updated on may 5, 2015, by eNotes Editorial dates, the falling snow to... Here on the land, he experienced country life as a member of a plow anything bad... Staying here on the land, he wouldnt have to fear any great unkindness for them was... Was filthy always, and more boy when he expresses concern over a pregnant woman saw. And blue-eyed, and for a time he lived with his grandparents who were poor tenant farmers her.!

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