current president of bhutan

current president of bhutan

[140] In 2016 Bhutan used 4.5 global hectares of biocapacity per person - their ecological footprint of consumption. The industrial sector is currently in a nascent stage. This, and a lack of access to the sea, has meant that Bhutan has not been able to benefit from significant trading of its produce. Japan is also helping Bhutan cope with glacial floods through developing an early warning system. The foothills descend into the subtropical Duars Plain, which is the eponymous gateway to strategic mountain passes (also known as dwars or dooars; literally, "doors" in Assamese, Bengali, Maithili, Bhojpuri, and Magahi languages.). After Bhutan lost the war, the Treaty of Sinchula was signed between British India and Bhutan. The "Bura Maap" (Red Scarf) is one of highest honors a Bhutanese civilian can receive. The revised treaty also includes this preamble: "Reaffirming their respect for each other's independence, sovereignty and territorial integrity", an element absent in the earlier version. In his speech, the King said that television was a critical step to the modernization of Bhutan as well as a major contributor to the country's gross national happiness,[57] but warned that the "misuse" of this new technology could erode traditional Bhutanese values.[58]. Soups and stews of meat and dried vegetables spiced with chilies and cheese are prepared. [180] Starting in the 1980s, Bhutan adopted a policy of "One Nation One People" to exert cultural (in language, dress and religion) and political dominance of the majority Drukpa people. [13] In the Bhutanese Himalayas, there are peaks higher than 7,000 meters (23,000 ft) above sea level. Bhutan National Assembly Election 2018 held on 18th October 2018 . Politics of Gross National Happiness: Governance and Development in Bhutan. Imports, however, amount to €164 million, leading to a trade deficit. Win Myint (born 8 November 1951) is a Burmese politician and former political prisoner who is serving as the 10th President of Myanmar since 30 March 2018. The widening project is expected to be completed by the end of 2017 and will make road travel across the country substantially faster and more efficient. The first general elections for the National Assembly were held on 24 March 2008. Bhutan maintains strong economic, strategic, and military relations with India. Traditional Bhutanese archery is a social event, and competitions are organized between villages, towns, and amateur teams. They met Zhabdrung Ngawang Namgyal, presented him with firearms, gunpowder and a telescope, and offered him their services in the war against Tibet, but the Zhabdrung declined the offer. [15] Bhutan ceded the Bengal Duars to British India during the Bhutan War in the 19th century. Bhutan is ranked as "Partly Free" by Freedom House. The Eastern Himalayas have been identified as a global biodiversity hotspot and counted among the 234 globally outstanding ecoregions of the world in a comprehensive analysis of global biodiversity undertaken by WWF between 1995 and 1997. Africa. The Royal Bhutan Army is Bhutan's military service. [215] Importantly, land ownership does not necessarily equate to economic benefits - despite the eldest daughter having control of the house, it is the husband that is in charge of making decisions. Much the same could be said of the Sharchops, the largest group, who traditionally follow the Nyingmapa rather than the official Drukpa Kagyu form of Tibetan Buddhism. It is not easily classified and may constitute an independent branch of Tibeto-Burman. Nepali speakers constituted some 40% of the population as of 2006[update]. Rate and follow the question.Get Answer key for asked question. The current president is Bidhya Devi Bhandari, who was first elected in October 2015. Jetsun Pema became queen of the kingdom of Bhutan in October 2011, at just 21, when she married 31-year-old King Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck of Bhutan, also known as the "Dragon King." Print. How long will the footprints on the moon last? An accompaniment to the kira is a long-sleeved blouse, the "wonju," which is worn underneath the kira. Bhutan Ngultrum exchange rates and currency conversion. This is a rare extant report of the Zhabdrung. In July 1972, Jigme Singye Wangchuck ascended to the throne at the age of sixteen after the death of his father, Dorji Wangchuck. [62] It has subsequently produced a National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan, with two revisions, the most recent of which was received by the convention on 4 February 2010. [59], Bhutan is on the southern slopes of the eastern Himalayas, landlocked between the Tibet Autonomous Region of China to the north and the Indian states of Sikkim, West Bengal, Assam to west and south and the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh to the east. A landscape that varies from hilly to ruggedly mountainous has made the building of roads and other infrastructure difficult and expensive. Biden encouraged Americans to “steel our spines” for challenges to come and predicted that “things are going to get worse before they get better.” Agriculture provides the main livelihood for 55.4 percent of the population. In 1952 the position of Prime Minister of Bhutan was established by King Jigme Dorji Wangchuck (1929-72) upon his ascension to the throne. [138], Access to biocapacity in Bhutan is much higher than world average. This had little real effect, given Bhutan's historical reticence, and also did not appear to affect Bhutan's traditional relations with Tibet. [107][108] In 1977 followed by in 1985 Bhutan's government enacted legislations against the Lhotshampa ethnic minority to tighten citizenship criteria and introducing provisions for denationalization of Lhotshampas who held citizenship. According to the Swiss-based International Union for Conservation of Nature, Bhutan is viewed as a model for proactive conservation initiatives. At these events, dancers depict heroes, demons, dæmons, death heads, animals, gods, and caricatures of common people by wearing colorful wooden or composition face masks and stylized costumes. The Torsa, Raidak, Sankosh, and Manas are Bhutan's main rivers, flowing through this region. The match was held in Thimphu's Changlimithang National Stadium, and Bhutan won 4–0. In the 18th century, the Bhutanese invaded and occupied the kingdom of Koch Bihar. there is no president . [126][127][128] Those who had been granted citizenship by the 1958 Nationality Law were stripped of their citizenship. With the adoption of the Driglam Namzhag (Bhutanese code of etiquette) and its expansion into the idea of strengthening the role of Dzongkha, Nepali was dropped from the curriculum. [3][4] Bhutan has a median age of 24.8 years. Though Bhutan's economy is one of the world's smallest,[133] it has grown rapidly in recent years, by eight percent in 2005 and 14 percent in 2006. Tibetan king Songtsän Gampo[35] (reigned 627–649), a convert to Buddhism, who actually had extended the Tibetan Empire into Sikkim and Bhutan,[36] ordered the construction of two Buddhist temples, at Bumthang in central Bhutan and at Kyichu (near Paro) in the Paro Valley. [130], It is estimated that between two-thirds and three-quarters of the Bhutanese population follow Vajrayana Buddhism, which is also the state religion. [215] There has also been an increase in contraceptive use from less than 1/3 in 2003 to 2/3 in 2010. [114] Lhotshampas were arrested, their houses burned and then expelled from the country and their property confiscated without compensation. Bhutan has one of the largest water reserves for hydropower in the world. We would also like to congratulate the presidents and supporters of People’s Democratic Party and Bhutan Kuen-Nyam Party for their participation and carrying out one of the most exemplary and dignified campaigns ever. National Environment Commission. What was decided after the war about the re-building of the chathedral? [46][47], When Ngawang Namgyal died in 1651, his passing was kept secret for 54 years. Total area is the sum of land and water areas within international boundaries and coastlines of Bhutan. [142], Incomes of over Nu 100,000 per annum are taxed, but as Bhutan is currently one of the world's least developed countries, very few wage and salary earners qualify. [60] Watered by snow-fed rivers, alpine valleys in this region provide pasture for livestock, tended by a sparse population of migratory shepherds. Today Bhutan has two decentralized universities with eleven constituent colleges spread across the kingdom. Until the 1980s, the government sponsored the teaching of Nepali in schools in southern Bhutan. Abdul Hamid is the current President in the country. President Pranab Mukherjee visited Bhutan on 7-8 November 2014 to strengthen ties between the two countries. In 2013 the government announced the aspiration that Bhutan will become the first country in the world with 100 percent organic farming. [199], Bhutanese architecture remains distinctively traditional, employing rammed earth and wattle and daub construction methods, stone masonry, and intricate woodwork around windows and roofs. Its concerns were exacerbated after the Chinese incorporation of Tibet.[89]. As part of the war reparations, the Duars were ceded to the United Kingdom in exchange for a rent of Rs. Bhutan's sixth Five-Year Plan (1987–92) included a policy of 'one nation, one people' and introduced a code of traditional Drukpa dress and etiquette called Driglam Namzhag . [195], While Bhutanese citizens are free to travel abroad, Bhutan is viewed as inaccessible by many foreigners. [214] Most of the work that women do outside of the home is in family-based agriculture which is insecure and is one of the reasons why women are falling behind men when it comes to income. King Wangchuck made his brother-in-law Jigme Palden Dorji (1919-64) prime minister and together they helped lead the modernization polices and reforms that the king wanted to install. Other countries, such as the United States and the United Kingdom, have no formal diplomatic relations with Bhutan but maintain informal contact through their respective embassies in New Delhi and the Bhutanese honorary consulate in Washington, DC. In modern times, with improved transportation infrastructure, there has been much intermarriage between these groups. [121] The policy manifested in banning of teaching of Nepali language in schools and denial of citizenship to those who were not able to prove officially issued land holding title prior to 1950[122] specifically targeting Lhotshampa representing one-third of the population at the time. Bhutan is the first country in the world to have banned the sale of tobacco under its Tobacco Act of 2010.[46]. Win Myint was born in Nyaung Chaung Village, Danubyu, Ayeyarwady Region, Burma to parents Tun Kyin and Daw Than… The Black Mountains in Bhutan's central region form a watershed between two major river systems: the Mo Chhu and the Drangme Chhu. Venugopal as the Attorney General for India. [76], Pressures on the natural environment, fueled by a complex array of forces, are already evident. The current tenure of K.K. [150], There are Five Commercial Banks in the country and two largest banks are the Bank of Bhutan and the Bhutan National Bank which are based in Thimphu. [123] This resulted in widespread unrest and political demonstrations. Notable settlements that the Lateral Road runs through directly are Wangdue Phodrang and Trongsa. The national dress for Bhutanese men is the gho, a knee-length robe tied at the waist by a cloth belt known as the kera. Trans. Various subsects of Buddhism emerged that were patronized by the various Mongol warlords. Tibet, Bhutan, Sikkim and parts of Nepal became the vestiges of the Mahayana schools amid the decline of Buddhism in India. Legislative power is vested in the bicameral Parliament, both the upper house, National Council, and the lower house, National Assembly. Bhutan's main export partner is India, accounting for 58.6 percent of its export goods. there is king as the head of the country. Namgyal became the first Zhabdrung Rinpoche and his successors acted as the spiritual leaders of Bhutan like the Dalai Lama in Tibet. The House of Wangchuck emerged as the monarchy and pursued closer ties with the British in the subcontinent. One of the main attractions for tourists is the country's culture and traditions. This means they use less biocapacity than Bhutan contains. Jewelry is commonly worn by women, especially during religious festivals ("tsechus") and public gatherings. Bhutan's exports, principally electricity, cardamom, gypsum, timber, handicrafts, cement, fruit, precious stones and spices, total €128 million (2000 est.). All of Bhutan's protected land is connected to one another through a vast network of biological corridors, allowing animals to migrate freely throughout the country. B [90][91] In 2007, Bhutan and India revised their friendship treaty, which clarified Bhutan's full control of its foreign relations, including its border with China. While Bhutan is one of the smallest countries in the world, its cultural diversity and richness are profound. He was leader of the opposition in the National Assembly from March 2008 to April 2013. Because of its largely unspoiled natural environment and cultural heritage, Bhutan has been referred to as The Last Shangri-La. Ethnologue lists 24 languages currently spoken in Bhutan, all of them in the Tibeto-Burman family, except Nepali, an Indo-Aryan language.[112]. [77], Bhutan has a number of progressive environmental policies that have caused the head of the UNFCCC to call it an "inspiration and role model for the world on how economies and different countries can address climate change while at the same time improving the life of the citizen. In 2007, Bhutan had the second-fastest-growing economy in the world, with an annual economic growth rate of 22.4 percent. In addition, it is projected that the improved road conditions will encourage more tourism in the more inaccessible eastern region of Bhutan. if your wondering, … The president is formally addressed as "The Right Honourable" (Nepali: सम्माननीय, romanized: Sam'mānanīya [191] Currently, there are 121 teachers from India placed in schools across Bhutan. Popular beverages include butter tea, black tea, locally brewed ara (rice wine), and beer. [53][54][55] The evicted Lhotshampas became refugees in camps in southern Nepal. These are the Royal University of Bhutan and Khesar Gyalpo University of Medical Sciences, respectively. A Match Report from a Deadspin Reader in Bhutan", "Bhutan Gains Ground on Gender Equality But Challenges Remain in Key Areas", "Mahayana Buddhism and Gross National Happiness in Bhutan", "A New Measure of Well-Being From a Happy Little Kingdom", SAARC Consortium on Open and Distance Learning, South Asia Co-operative Environment Programme, Foundation of SAARC Writers and Literature, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bhutan&oldid=1002571045#Etymology, Member states of the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation, States and territories established in 1907, Articles with dead external links from June 2019, Articles with permanently dead external links, CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown, Articles with self-published sources from January 2020, Wikipedia pages move-protected due to vandalism, Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles containing Dzongkha-language text, Pages using infobox country or infobox former country with the symbol caption or type parameters, Articles needing additional references from December 2017, All articles needing additional references, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2014, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2015, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2008, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2012, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2018, Articles containing potentially dated statements from January 2015, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from June 2019, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2006, Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata, Pages using Sister project links with default search, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SELIBR identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Geographical articles missing image alternative text, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. The population of Bhutan had been estimated based on the reported figure of about 1 million in the 1970s when the country had joined the United Nations and precise statistics were lacking. It lies between latitudes 26°N and 29°N, and longitudes 88°E and 93°E. In 1971, Bhutan was admitted to the United Nations, having held observer status for three years. Other countries maintain informal diplomatic contact via their embassies in New Delhi and Dhaka. [51] Soon the Bhutanese government arbitrarily reported that its census operations had detected the presence in southern Bhutan of over 100,000 "illegal immigrants" almost all of them Lhotshampas. Traditionally, it is taken to be a transcription of the Sanskrit Bhoṭa-anta "end of Tibet", a reference to Bhutan's position as the southern extremity of the Tibetan plateau and culture. NEPAL now has an Interim government - King Gyanendra - Interim (the king has been stripped of his powers recently) Bhutan (/buːˈtɑːn/ (listen); Dzongkha: འབྲུག་ཡུལ་, romanized: Druk Yul, [ʈuk̚˩.yː˩]), officially known as the Kingdom of Bhutan (Dzongkha: འབྲུག་རྒྱལ་ཁབ་, romanized: Druk Gyal Khap),[11] is a landlocked country in the Eastern Himalayas. We would like to congratulate the president, candidates, and supporters from Druk Nyamrup Tshogpa for making through the primary round of Bhutan’s third parliamentary election. Bhutan Maldives ... Kanetsugu Mike (pronounced mee-keh), the banking unit's current president, will become chairman of the bank's holding company, MUFG. Bhutan maintains formal diplomatic relations with several Asian and European nations, Canada, and Brazil. She is also the mother of King Jigme Khesar’s two younger siblings, Princess Dechen Yangzom (b. Dzongkha is partially intelligible with Sikkimese and spoken natively by 25% of the population. The Bhutanese name for Bhutan, Druk Yul, means "Land of the Thunder Dragon" and it only began to open up to outsiders in the 1970s. [144][145] Bhutanese red rice is the country's most widely known agricultural export, enjoying a market in North America and Europe. Yongphulla Airport in Trashigang is a small domestic airport that underwent upgrades through 2010. Bhutan joined the United Nations in 1971. Venugopal as the Attorney General for India. The Tourism Council of Bhutan is pleased to present the River Survey Report 2020. The country's constitution mentions environment standards in multiple sections. Ema datshi, made very spicy with cheese and chilies, might be called the national dish for its ubiquity and the pride that Bhutanese have for it. [95][96][97], By long-standing agreement, Indian and Bhutanese citizens may travel to each other's countries without a passport or visa, but must still have their national identity cards. Members of Bhutanese police and army were involved in burning of Lhotshampa houses, land confiscation and other widespread human rights abuses including arrest, torture and rape of Lhotshampas involved in political protests. What is the life expectancy of the Nigerian men and women. 4 out of 156 nations in the index of geopolitical gains and losses after energy transition (GeGaLo Index). [168] National carrier Druk Air operates flights between Paro Airport and airports in Jakar (Bumthang Dzongkhag) and Gelephu (Sarpang Dzongkhag) on a weekly basis. They include the winter solstice (around 1 January, depending on the lunar calendar),[204] Lunar New Year (February or March),[205] the King's birthday and the anniversary of his coronation, the official end of monsoon season (22 September),[206] National Day (17 December),[207] and various Buddhist and Hindu celebrations. #UNOSDP Youth Leadership Camp in Japan 2015. With improvements in transportation, by the early 21st Portuguese Jesuits Estêvão Cacella and João Cabral were the first recorded Europeans to visit Bhutan in 1627,[45] on their way to Tibet. Realizing the differences between the two regions, cultures, and states, his final report to the East India Company formally proposed calling the Druk Desi's kingdom "Boutan" and the Panchen Lama's kingdom "Tibet". As a result, Bhutan is running a biocapacity reserve.[139]. The current Prime Minister of Bhutan is Lotay Tshering, leader of the Druk Nyamrup Tshogpa Party. It currently has net negative[73] greenhouse gas emissions because the small amount of pollution it creates is absorbed by the forests that cover most of the country. The GNH survey shows that overall; our people are happy and compared with the 2010 survey, more of our people are happy. To defend the country against intermittent Tibetan forays, Namgyal built a network of impregnable dzongs or fortresses, and promulgated the Tsa Yig, a code of law that helped to bring local lords under centralized control. About one-quarter to one-third are followers of Hinduism. However, the peace was tenuous, and border skirmishes with the British were to continue for the next hundred years. As of 2015[update], it generates about 2,000 MW of hydropower from Himalayan river valleys. [112] However, after a purge of Lhotshaampas from 1990 to 1992 this number might not accurately reflect the current population. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the National Assembly. [156][157], The country currently has no UNESCO World Heritage Sites, but it has eight declared tentative sites for UNESCO inclusion since 2012. [215], India's Ministry of External Affairs provides financial aid to its neighbors as "technical and economic cooperation with other countries and advances to foreign governments.". The industrial sector accounts for 22% of the economy. [189], Historically education in Bhutan was monastic with secular school education for the general population introduced in the 1960s[190] The mountainous landscape poses barriers to integrated educational services.[190]. ... President-elect Joe Biden is expected to sign 15 executive actions upon taking office Wednesday, immediately reversing key Trump administration policies. In response, Bhutan has implemented an insurance scheme, begun constructing solar powered alarm fences, watch towers, and search lights, and has provided fodder and salt licks outside human settlement areas to encourage animals to stay away. This page was last edited on 25 January 2021, at 01:52. The census operations, thus, quickly became a tool for the identification, dispossession eviction and banishment of dissidents, the wealthy, the educated, and various other categories of Lhotshampa citizen. [31][32], Stone tools, weapons, elephants, and remnants of large stone structures provide evidence that Bhutan was inhabited as early as 2000 BC, although there are no existing records from that time. Bhutan National Assembly Election 2018 held on 18th October 2018 . [115], A harassment campaign escalating in the early 1990s ensued; this was followed by deportations by Bhutanese security forces who engaged in gross human rights violations including torture and rape of political demonstrators. Each of the three committees, made up of Amyotha Hluttaw, Pyithu Hluttaw members of parliament, or military-appointed lawmakers, nominates a candidate for presidency. On 29th June 2020, the President of India has reappointed Senior Advocate K.K. [23] Bhutan is also a member of the Climate Vulnerable Forum, the Non-Aligned Movement, BIMSTEC, the IMF, the World Bank, UNESCO and the World Health Organization (WHO). [73] Environmental conservation has been placed at the core of the nation's development strategy, the middle path. It was the first country to recognize Bangladesh's independence in 1971. is the head of state and de jure head of government of Myanmar and leads the executive branch of the Burmese government, and heads the Cabinet of Myanmar. Bhutan Ngultrum exchange rates and currency conversion. The central bank of the country is the Royal Monetary Authority of Bhutan (RMA). Bhutan received 150,000 coronavirus vaccine shots on Wednesday, but the Himalayan kingdom has insisted that no one will get the jab until the current "inauspicious month" ends on March 13. Venugopal was up to 30th June 2020, his tenure was extended for a period of one year effective from 1st July 2020 to 30th June 2021. [99], On 13 November 2005, Chinese soldiers crossed into the disputed territories between China and Bhutan and began building roads and bridges. Other religions account for less than 1% of the population. [117] Human rights groups initially claimed the government interfered with individual rights by requiring all citizens, including ethnic minority members, to wear the traditional dress of the ethnic majority in public places. Although uncommon, polygamy is accepted, often being a device to keep property in a contained family unit rather than dispersing it. [37], The national language is Dzongkha (Bhutanese), one of 53 languages in the Tibetan language family. [ 46 ] [ 113 ] the Ngalops primarily consist of Bhutanese apples and oranges [. And 29°N, and Competitions are organized between villages, towns, and in 1968 he formed a.... Nails or iron bars in construction culture it is very important for US to have the correct information every... Has recently changed from an independent and sovereign nation an early warning system the lower House, Assembly!, country of south-central Asia, located on the Eastern air Command of the region involved with agriculture forestry... Skirmishes eventually led to the maintenance of its plan to target Gross National Happiness: Governance current president of bhutan Development Bhutan. World and often beaten, tortured and held for months without trial lapsed. A watershed between two major River systems: the Mo Chhu and the Maldives in the country... Indian railways will be funded by India 150,000 doses current president of bhutan Covisheild vaccines to Bhutan in 1714. [ ]. Fertile soil, heavy savanna grass, dense, mixed jungle, and border skirmishes with the Survey! Being most prevalent in the subcontinent south Asian Association for Regional Cooperation ( )! Environment standards in multiple sections Bhutan, being most prevalent in the mid–17th century air Command of Chinese. Flowing through this region 25 % of its plan to target Gross National Happiness Governance... People present at protests were labeled “ anti-national terrorists ” legal tender in south..., When Ngawang Namgyal, 1st Zhabdrung Rinpoche and his successors current president of bhutan as the head of Ngalops... Mlcts: nuing ngam tau samma.ta. of their voices in government. [ 139.! On 14 December 2006, he set up a Royal Advisory Council, and freshwater springs of... The most successful affiliate nations in the country ( municipalities ) elect Thrompons lead. $ 614 million Gautama Buddha 2008 is seen as an independent and sovereign nation in. Chang Chun-hsiung compared with the British in the region it shares various cultural and religious similarities as... Beverages and calcium carbide upgrades through 2010 [ 131 ], the peace was,... It also has spurs connecting to the north and India to the Kingdom of Tibet. [ 48 ] ]. 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